Security Dillemma & Ethnic Conflict Essay examples -- essays research

The security dilemma can be used explain and predict ethnic conflict within a given state. Posen’s argument is supported by the belief that the basic tenets of realism provide a clear view of the security dilemma and its relationship with ethnic conflict. I believe the security dilemma in general is largely based in realist theory, and therefore fails to view international relations fairly. I believe that liberalism offers important insight into dealing with conflict that Posen fails to address.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Realist theory believes that one states military improvements are undistinguishable as offensive or defensive, and are seen as threats to another state. This, in turn, requires the opposing state to improve its military to ensure its own self interest. Posen argues that when an empire falls, there will be a power struggle between competing groups, within a state, as a result of the anarchy left by the failing empire. It is argued by Posen that the competing groups variations in the history of their group and whatever military power they may have will threaten other groups, creating a security dilemma, which results in ethnic conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe the security dilemma is shaped by realist theory because it presupposes military improvements will be seen as threats. It has been shown that military improvements are not always seen as threats, for example the United States is not threatened by Pakistan having nuclear weaponry. Mutu...

A Case Study of the Boscastle Floods

Where? Boscastle is in North Cornwall, in the South West of England. A small seaside town, it faces out onto the Atlantic Ocean. What? Flash floods hit the town on Monday 16th August 2004 in a 1 in 50 year occurrence. This caused 120mm of rain in 7 hours, twice the monthly average and causing the river to rise 8/9 feet. Understandably the river broke its banks, flooding Boscastle severely. Causes? The main cause was quite simply the fact that there was a lot of rain. 120mm of it in fact. Seeing as it had been raining for a few weeks before, saturating the ground, the water had nowhere to go but down the 2 steep valleys surrounding the village into the river. Or rivers – Boscastle is at the confluence of 3 rivers, the Valency and the Jordan. These understandably burst and the water was funnelled into the main road. Although this particular storm wasn't down the global warming, we are getting more heavy storms in recent years which is very likely to be to do with global warming. Impacts? Because of the enormous volume of the water and the shape of the hills, the water went very fast towards the sea, as high as 3 metres, and a speed of 40mph, leaving destruction behind. These speeds can move cars, 100 actually through the village, emptying and destroying the car park, washing them into the harbour and sea, or just leaving them dumped in the village. The amazing rush of water coupled with cars acting as out of control cannon balls, caused homes and businesses to be knocked down or washed away. One 16th century building was completely destroyed by a run away camper van. Water rushed easily into homes, destroying everything inside. With the main road turned into a river, the tarmac was destroyed, likewise bridges and signs etc. Although resembling something like a production from the Doctor Who Special Effects team, miraculously nobody was hurt or killed, probably because of the event happening in the day, unlike the Lynmouth flood in Devon 52 years to the day which took the lives of 34 people. They also have the emergency services to thank, who rescued 120 people, many of whom scrambled onto their roofs. 60 people were evacuated to a nearby village. Longer term impacts of the floods affect both the authorities and the people. People will be put off holidaying in Boscastle, an area almost totally reliant on tourism, costing their economy and the jobs and livelihood of people. The authorities will also have to replace damaged roads etc. and think about flood defences for the future. Insurance companies predict the clean up bill will run into millions of pounds. For the inhabitants of Boscastle, not only have their businesses been destroyed. The floods have damaged houses not only through pure destruction, but through damp as well. Possessions will have to be replaced as well as the floods having a great emotional impact on people. Reduction Methods? Considering Boscastle is a small village, which has only been flooded severely once, not much money can be allowed to be spent on stopping future floods. However, small reduction methods could be made such as deepening the river so it can hold more water. The material dug out can be used to create embankments to further deepen it. The course of the rivers could be changed, such as straightening them to make the water reach the sea faster without so many meanders to turn round. The river could be pumped underground in large pipes, although Boscastle would lose the river, which is one of the tourist appeals of the place. The authorities have actually spent à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.8m on widening and lowering the river Valency. They've also put a relief channel underground which can take water away from the river when there is a lot of rainfall. Finally, they've inserted a tree catcher so trees cannot create dams downstream if washed into the river.

Essay on Jacksonville Shipyards - 1350 Words

Running head: Case 8.1 Jacksonville Shipyards Jacksonville Shipyards Ketty Taboada Strayer University Business Ethics-BUS290 February 24, 2008 Abstract Sexual misconduct in the workplace has been a problem for women and in recent year’s men as well. Unfortunately, in the past this topic was overlooked until the case of Meritor Savings v. Vinson. We will establish the criteria for determining when unwelcome conduct of sexual nature constitutes harassment according to Title VII. Additionally, we will ascertain how to evaluate evidence of harassment, whether a work environment is sexually antagonistic, holding employers liable legally responsible for sexual harassment by supervisors; and analyzing preventive and corrective action†¦show more content†¦For example, in the case of Lois Robinson co-workers would post pornographic pictures and make suggestive comments when they noticed her pass by. Although, this did not affect her pay or the terms and conditions of her job she was subjected to a hostile work environment. Lois Robinson filed a suit against Jacksonville Shipyards Inc., for sexual harassment. However, the chal lenge for the court is to determine what is considered discomfort. The judge ruled that the display of pornographic pictures and pinup calendars was a visual assault on the emotional response of female workers due to the conditions sexual harassment under the â€Å"hostile working environment† provision. (Boatright 2007) Keep in mind that the court decision did not state that the display of pictures always constituted sexual harassment. The problem was the scarcity of women workers in a shipyard, and the lack of women in authority and the occurrence of verbal harassment including explicit sexual remarks. Jacksonville Shipyards Inc. (JSI) were federally contracted to repair U.S. Navy ships, therefore, they are required to have an affirmative action plan. In the company policy it stated that any violation should be reported to the Equal Employment Opportunity Coordinator in the facility. Unfortunately, supervisors at the shipyard were unaware that such policy existed and it was not included in the standard JSIShow MoreRelatedJacksonville Shipyards701 Words   |  3 PagesJacksonville Shipyards Callie Alloway OMM640: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Frank Czarny 7 January 2013 1. Although the behavior of Robinsons male coworkers is morally objectionable, should management attempt to prevent it? Do you accept the claim that the workers have a right to post pictures in the workplace? Is this a personal problem that workers should handle among themselves? JSI’s Equal Employment Opportunity policy states, â€Å"†¦we should all be sensitive to the kindRead MoreSexual Harassment Essay935 Words   |  4 Pages Sexual Harassment discrimination is illegal. It is the employer obligation to make sure their organization and employees have protection from discrimination. This paper will show that Jacksonville shipyard acted unethically by failing to protect one of their employees Lois Robinson. Jacksonville Shipyard was well aware that Ms. Robinson faced sexual harassment on a daily basis by her male co- workers. Once Lois complained to Management that she objected to the co-workers behaviors , insteadRead MoreBusiness Ethics and Social Responsibility665 Words   |  3 Pagespolicy effectively to the supervisors of the shipyard (sexual harassment). In addition, they did not follow through on the procedures for reporting violations. The behavior of Lois Robinson’s co-workers is not acceptable. The behavior is not acceptable because it is an act of discrimination and sexual harassment. The sexually explicit pictures, the sexually suggestive and humiliating comments of her male co-workers. Since the Jacksonville Shipyard was a business that operated with male andRead MoreThe History of Naming U.S Navy Ships1431 Words   |  6 Pages(Group seeks to bring ex-USS Charles F. Adams to Jacksonville). The USS Charles F. Adams was decommissioned August 1st, 1990 from her homeport of Mayport, Florida and retired to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Inactive Ship’s Facility to wait for final disposition (History of the USS Charles F. Adams). However, the Charles F. Adams is now becoming a ship museum down in Jacksonville Florida thanks to Adams Class Veterans Association and the Jacksonville Historic Naval Ship Association. Now let’s moveRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace4732 Words   |  19 Pagesspeaking out. Displaying a pornographic picture at your workstations is also considered sexual harassment. In the first Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards case in January 1991, the Sixth U.S Circuit Court of Appeals in Florida ruled that a nude pinup in the workplace was a violation of sexual harassment. In this case, a female shipyard welder accused her employers of posting pictures of nude and partly nude women in common areas of the workplace. The judge ruled that this atmosphereRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1838 Words   |  8 Pagesaware of all of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain explicit sexual overtones. (Roberts, Mann) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as baby, sugar, momma, and dear. In addition, the men wroteRead MoreWeek 6 U Decide Essay examples2218 Words   |  9 Pagesunwelcome conduct of a sexual nature. 2. Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc.: A shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to partially nude pictures and vulgar remarks made by her male co-workers. These pictures were posted in common areas as well as Ms. Robinson’s tool box. The male coworkers called her names like baby, sugar, momma, and dear. They also wrote explicit graffiti about Ms. Robinson all over the shipyard. Ms. Robinson complained about the harassmentRead More Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1794 Words   |  8 Pagesall of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain ?explicit sexual overtones.? (Roberts Mann, 2006) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as ?baby,? ?sugar,? ?momma?, and ?dear.? In addition, the menRead MoreSilver Ships Case Study Essay6823 Words   |  28 Pages Silver Ships’ Strategy in the Military and Workboat Industry CASE 14 David L. Turnipseed University of South Alabama s Mike McCarty walked through the Silver Ships shipyard monitoring the production of several aluminum hull boats in various stages of production, he began to think â€Å"What now?† He had seen his shipyard grow from a boatbuilding operation in the garage of his home in 1985 to a large, state-of-the-art company manufacturing 26- to 60-foot aluminumhull boats in 2010. During its