Security Dillemma & Ethnic Conflict Essay examples -- essays research

The security dilemma can be used explain and predict ethnic conflict within a given state. Posen’s argument is supported by the belief that the basic tenets of realism provide a clear view of the security dilemma and its relationship with ethnic conflict. I believe the security dilemma in general is largely based in realist theory, and therefore fails to view international relations fairly. I believe that liberalism offers important insight into dealing with conflict that Posen fails to address.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Realist theory believes that one states military improvements are undistinguishable as offensive or defensive, and are seen as threats to another state. This, in turn, requires the opposing state to improve its military to ensure its own self interest. Posen argues that when an empire falls, there will be a power struggle between competing groups, within a state, as a result of the anarchy left by the failing empire. It is argued by Posen that the competing groups variations in the history of their group and whatever military power they may have will threaten other groups, creating a security dilemma, which results in ethnic conflict.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe the security dilemma is shaped by realist theory because it presupposes military improvements will be seen as threats. It has been shown that military improvements are not always seen as threats, for example the United States is not threatened by Pakistan having nuclear weaponry. Mutu...

A Case Study of the Boscastle Floods

Where? Boscastle is in North Cornwall, in the South West of England. A small seaside town, it faces out onto the Atlantic Ocean. What? Flash floods hit the town on Monday 16th August 2004 in a 1 in 50 year occurrence. This caused 120mm of rain in 7 hours, twice the monthly average and causing the river to rise 8/9 feet. Understandably the river broke its banks, flooding Boscastle severely. Causes? The main cause was quite simply the fact that there was a lot of rain. 120mm of it in fact. Seeing as it had been raining for a few weeks before, saturating the ground, the water had nowhere to go but down the 2 steep valleys surrounding the village into the river. Or rivers – Boscastle is at the confluence of 3 rivers, the Valency and the Jordan. These understandably burst and the water was funnelled into the main road. Although this particular storm wasn't down the global warming, we are getting more heavy storms in recent years which is very likely to be to do with global warming. Impacts? Because of the enormous volume of the water and the shape of the hills, the water went very fast towards the sea, as high as 3 metres, and a speed of 40mph, leaving destruction behind. These speeds can move cars, 100 actually through the village, emptying and destroying the car park, washing them into the harbour and sea, or just leaving them dumped in the village. The amazing rush of water coupled with cars acting as out of control cannon balls, caused homes and businesses to be knocked down or washed away. One 16th century building was completely destroyed by a run away camper van. Water rushed easily into homes, destroying everything inside. With the main road turned into a river, the tarmac was destroyed, likewise bridges and signs etc. Although resembling something like a production from the Doctor Who Special Effects team, miraculously nobody was hurt or killed, probably because of the event happening in the day, unlike the Lynmouth flood in Devon 52 years to the day which took the lives of 34 people. They also have the emergency services to thank, who rescued 120 people, many of whom scrambled onto their roofs. 60 people were evacuated to a nearby village. Longer term impacts of the floods affect both the authorities and the people. People will be put off holidaying in Boscastle, an area almost totally reliant on tourism, costing their economy and the jobs and livelihood of people. The authorities will also have to replace damaged roads etc. and think about flood defences for the future. Insurance companies predict the clean up bill will run into millions of pounds. For the inhabitants of Boscastle, not only have their businesses been destroyed. The floods have damaged houses not only through pure destruction, but through damp as well. Possessions will have to be replaced as well as the floods having a great emotional impact on people. Reduction Methods? Considering Boscastle is a small village, which has only been flooded severely once, not much money can be allowed to be spent on stopping future floods. However, small reduction methods could be made such as deepening the river so it can hold more water. The material dug out can be used to create embankments to further deepen it. The course of the rivers could be changed, such as straightening them to make the water reach the sea faster without so many meanders to turn round. The river could be pumped underground in large pipes, although Boscastle would lose the river, which is one of the tourist appeals of the place. The authorities have actually spent à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.8m on widening and lowering the river Valency. They've also put a relief channel underground which can take water away from the river when there is a lot of rainfall. Finally, they've inserted a tree catcher so trees cannot create dams downstream if washed into the river.

Essay on Jacksonville Shipyards - 1350 Words

Running head: Case 8.1 Jacksonville Shipyards Jacksonville Shipyards Ketty Taboada Strayer University Business Ethics-BUS290 February 24, 2008 Abstract Sexual misconduct in the workplace has been a problem for women and in recent year’s men as well. Unfortunately, in the past this topic was overlooked until the case of Meritor Savings v. Vinson. We will establish the criteria for determining when unwelcome conduct of sexual nature constitutes harassment according to Title VII. Additionally, we will ascertain how to evaluate evidence of harassment, whether a work environment is sexually antagonistic, holding employers liable legally responsible for sexual harassment by supervisors; and analyzing preventive and corrective action†¦show more content†¦For example, in the case of Lois Robinson co-workers would post pornographic pictures and make suggestive comments when they noticed her pass by. Although, this did not affect her pay or the terms and conditions of her job she was subjected to a hostile work environment. Lois Robinson filed a suit against Jacksonville Shipyards Inc., for sexual harassment. However, the chal lenge for the court is to determine what is considered discomfort. The judge ruled that the display of pornographic pictures and pinup calendars was a visual assault on the emotional response of female workers due to the conditions sexual harassment under the â€Å"hostile working environment† provision. (Boatright 2007) Keep in mind that the court decision did not state that the display of pictures always constituted sexual harassment. The problem was the scarcity of women workers in a shipyard, and the lack of women in authority and the occurrence of verbal harassment including explicit sexual remarks. Jacksonville Shipyards Inc. (JSI) were federally contracted to repair U.S. Navy ships, therefore, they are required to have an affirmative action plan. In the company policy it stated that any violation should be reported to the Equal Employment Opportunity Coordinator in the facility. Unfortunately, supervisors at the shipyard were unaware that such policy existed and it was not included in the standard JSIShow MoreRelatedJacksonville Shipyards701 Words   |  3 PagesJacksonville Shipyards Callie Alloway OMM640: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Frank Czarny 7 January 2013 1. Although the behavior of Robinsons male coworkers is morally objectionable, should management attempt to prevent it? Do you accept the claim that the workers have a right to post pictures in the workplace? Is this a personal problem that workers should handle among themselves? JSI’s Equal Employment Opportunity policy states, â€Å"†¦we should all be sensitive to the kindRead MoreSexual Harassment Essay935 Words   |  4 Pages Sexual Harassment discrimination is illegal. It is the employer obligation to make sure their organization and employees have protection from discrimination. This paper will show that Jacksonville shipyard acted unethically by failing to protect one of their employees Lois Robinson. Jacksonville Shipyard was well aware that Ms. Robinson faced sexual harassment on a daily basis by her male co- workers. Once Lois complained to Management that she objected to the co-workers behaviors , insteadRead MoreBusiness Ethics and Social Responsibility665 Words   |  3 Pagespolicy effectively to the supervisors of the shipyard (sexual harassment). In addition, they did not follow through on the procedures for reporting violations. The behavior of Lois Robinson’s co-workers is not acceptable. The behavior is not acceptable because it is an act of discrimination and sexual harassment. The sexually explicit pictures, the sexually suggestive and humiliating comments of her male co-workers. Since the Jacksonville Shipyard was a business that operated with male andRead MoreThe History of Naming U.S Navy Ships1431 Words   |  6 Pages(Group seeks to bring ex-USS Charles F. Adams to Jacksonville). The USS Charles F. Adams was decommissioned August 1st, 1990 from her homeport of Mayport, Florida and retired to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Inactive Ship’s Facility to wait for final disposition (History of the USS Charles F. Adams). However, the Charles F. Adams is now becoming a ship museum down in Jacksonville Florida thanks to Adams Class Veterans Association and the Jacksonville Historic Naval Ship Association. Now let’s moveRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace4732 Words   |  19 Pagesspeaking out. Displaying a pornographic picture at your workstations is also considered sexual harassment. In the first Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards case in January 1991, the Sixth U.S Circuit Court of Appeals in Florida ruled that a nude pinup in the workplace was a violation of sexual harassment. In this case, a female shipyard welder accused her employers of posting pictures of nude and partly nude women in common areas of the workplace. The judge ruled that this atmosphereRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1838 Words   |  8 Pagesaware of all of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain explicit sexual overtones. (Roberts, Mann) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as baby, sugar, momma, and dear. In addition, the men wroteRead MoreWeek 6 U Decide Essay examples2218 Words   |  9 Pagesunwelcome conduct of a sexual nature. 2. Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc.: A shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to partially nude pictures and vulgar remarks made by her male co-workers. These pictures were posted in common areas as well as Ms. Robinson’s tool box. The male coworkers called her names like baby, sugar, momma, and dear. They also wrote explicit graffiti about Ms. Robinson all over the shipyard. Ms. Robinson complained about the harassmentRead More Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1794 Words   |  8 Pagesall of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain ?explicit sexual overtones.? (Roberts Mann, 2006) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as ?baby,? ?sugar,? ?momma?, and ?dear.? In addition, the menRead MoreSilver Ships Case Study Essay6823 Words   |  28 Pages Silver Ships’ Strategy in the Military and Workboat Industry CASE 14 David L. Turnipseed University of South Alabama s Mike McCarty walked through the Silver Ships shipyard monitoring the production of several aluminum hull boats in various stages of production, he began to think â€Å"What now?† He had seen his shipyard grow from a boatbuilding operation in the garage of his home in 1985 to a large, state-of-the-art company manufacturing 26- to 60-foot aluminumhull boats in 2010. During its

Sinclair Ross - Once A Heifer - 1926 Words

Often when a story is read followed by the viewing of the live adaptation, the live version pales in comparison. This is mainly because the imagination can create a far more detailed and vivid picture than will ever be created on screen. In the case of Wheelers teleplay versus the original short story of Rosss Ones a Heifer, it is no different than any other, Rosss work is superior in its plot, characters, and theme. It is clearly evident that the plot of the short story by Ross is a superior version compared to Wheelers, however there are similarities in both the teleplay and the short story. A boy goes searching for two lost cows and after searching the whole day he finally spots them. He watches them as they go into a mans†¦show more content†¦It challenges the reader to the point that they are part of the story. Wheelers non-provocative simple plot is definitely inferior to the complicity and imaginative plot of Rosss. Characters are just one more way that Rosss work is superior to Wheelers. In both versions of the story, it evolves around a young boy and an old man. In both versions the boys character is the same as he caries out his search the same way in both versions and also has the same actions and reactions, however, its the character of the old man Vickers that makes Rosss work superior. Wheelers version of Arthur Vickers is once again not nearly as well created as Rosss, as are so many other aspects of her version. Her version of Vickers is a simple one; he is a lonely heartbroken alcoholic. When speaking about women with the boy he says,  ¦ you cant win no matter what you do ¦ watch for women like her ¦ The complicity of the character is diminished by the fact that his actions were based on the fact that he is drunk. Arthur demonstrates his loneliness when he says, Never trust a woman ¦ she ran off ¦ Vickers is clearly an emotionally lonely man. He is alone in his isolation and in his words he seems to be longing for a woman to share his life with, not the simple-minded woman he has working for him in the barn. He is presented as an obvious alcoholic as he drunkenly attacks the chair in the middle of the night and the fact that he has a still in his barn. He isShow MoreRelatedOnes a Heifer by Sinclair Ross759 Words   |  3 PagesSinclair Ross`s Ones a Heifer demonstrates the conflict between appearance and reality of the protagonist and his quest to find his aunt and uncles missing calves. The main character, Peter is on a quest to finding some missing calves when he stumbles upon Arthur Vickers, a mysterious and suspicious man during his journey. One major conflict found is that Peter continues on suspecting Vickers for stealing the calves, where in reality he had no proof for accusing him nor where their evidence in

Orthopedic Surgeon Career - 3217 Words

Anandhini Narayanan Mrs. Polesiak English 9 Accelerated 11 April 2012 Orthopedic Surgeon: The Career of Bones With our technology-advancing society, the numbers of existing careers are greatly increasing. In today’s culture there is a diverse spectrum of careers ranging from musician to proctologist. When choosing a career, one usually identifies their skills, in order for their expertise to be utilized in a job. Every career is vital and necessary, because it benefits the society as a whole; not just one person. One career that benefits people physically, mentally, and emotionally is the job of an orthopedic surgeon. Orthopedic surgery is now becoming progressively prevalent due to the importance of athletics in our culture.†¦show more content†¦The list of possible conditions an orthopedic surgeon can treat is endless. An orthopedic surgeon can treat many musculoskeletal conditions without surgery, by using medications, exercise, and other rehabilitative therapies. However, an orthopedic surgeon may recommend surgical treatmen t if the patient does not respond to other treatments. The types of surgeries orthopedic surgeons perform include arthroscopy, fusion, internal fixation, joint replacement, osteotomy, and soft tissue repair. Knowing the certain classes one must take in high school assists in eventually being able to learn the job tasks of an orthopedic surgeon. For one to become an orthopedic surgeon, it is important to take all the necessary high school classes. The required high school classes allow one to progress further into the premedical school direction. The requirements are as follows: four years of English; four years of math (including precalculus and calculus); four years of lab science (including biology, chemistry, and physics); four years of social studies; three to four years of a foreign language (Spanish recommended); courses in psychology, statistics, and computer science are recommended. It is also advisable to do volunteer work at a local hospital orShow MoreRelatedThe Sur geon Career Summary : Orthopedic Surgeon829 Words   |  4 PagesJustin Sankey Ms. Riese English II 9 November 2014 Orthopedic Surgeon Career Summary During High School there are many possible ways to prepare for being an orthopedic surgeon. It is important to take advanced math and science classes during high school. Their are not really any jobs that a high school student can do to prepare themselves for becoming an orthopedic surgeon, but they can do volunteer work. In order to show that they have pre medical interests, many people interested in enteringRead MoreA Career in Orthopedic Surgery1429 Words   |  6 Pagesfreedom and ability. It is an orthopedic surgeon’s job to bring function to one’s life even if they have never been granted movement without restraint before. Orthopedic surgeons receive patients whose freedom of movement have been compromised and then return it back to them. Orthopedic surgeons give immeasurable opportunities and life experiences back to their patients because of their perseverance and commitment to their patients and careers. Orthopedic surgeons are responsible for mending andRead MoreThe Career Of Orthopedic Surgery1692 Words   |  7 PagesThe career of orthopedic surgery is of utmost importance to the entire medical field and health in general. Orthopedic surgery is the field of medicine involving the rearrangement, repairing, and mending of bone marrow and skeletal structures within the human body. Normally, students pursuing a career in orthopedic surgery must complete a vigorous, extensively designed course of education needed for certification. Once finished with education, orthopedic surgeons will have completed approximatelyRead MoreThe Path Of Becoming An Orthopedic Surgeon877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Path to Becoming an Orthopedic Surgeon Introduction Obtaining a degree in medicine is one of the lengthiest educational paths one can choose to take. Choosing to become a surgeon lengthens that journey even more and it is one of the most challenging degrees to obtain. An orthopedic surgeon is a physician that â€Å"focuses on the diagnosis, care, and treatment of patients with disorders of the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, nerves, and skin.† (â€Å"Career in Orthopaedics†). Throughout treatmentRead MoreOrthopedic Surgeon, Neurologist, and Plastic Surgeon Essay1158 Words   |  5 Pagesof career opportunities for people to pursue in so many different, vast, and constantly evolving fields. It is important for a person to look ahead for the future and think of jobs that might interest them. Investigating potential careers allows a person to set a course for the future depending on what qualifications one might need to be successful in a certain career. Every job has its pros and cons, but ultimately if one d oes not like what they do then they may have picked the wrong career pathRead MoreBus 101 Final : Orthopedic Surgery1635 Words   |  7 PagesBUS 101 Final: Orthopedic Surgery An orthopedic surgeon is one who is dedicated to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of in juries occurring in the body’s musculoskeletal system—the bones, ligaments, joints, tendons, etc. Just about every orthopedic surgeon is familiar with all aspects of the human musculoskeletal system, but most decide to specialize in just a certain part of the body. Most choose to specialize because that way they can become experts on one part of the body instead of havingRead MoreBranches of Medicine: Orthopedics846 Words   |  3 Pages Orthopedics is the branch of medicine dealing with the correlation of deformities of bones or other muscles. Orthopedic doctors specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of the musculoskeletal system. Now days, many orthopedic surgeons use surgical and non-surgical means to treat muscular trauma, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and congenital conditions. The musculoskeletal system provides form, stability, and move ment to the human body (Orthopedics-bones, joint, ligamentsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Gig Americans Talk About Their Jobs1707 Words   |  7 Pagesoutcome. Each individual interviewee has a different reason for why they work, what makes them strive to work, what makes their job’s worth going to each day. From selected interviews â€Å"Wal-Mart Greeter†, â€Å"Clutter Consultant†, â€Å"Lobbyist†, and â€Å"Orthopedic Surgeon† each represented different reasons of work;the four that stood out most to me included: Self-worth, appreciation from clients, political belief goals, and mental fulfillment. In the â€Å"Wal-Mart Greeter† interview in GiGi, Jim Churchman reasonRead MoreMedical Career Research Paper1369 Words   |  6 PagesThe medical field is a career path that brings about many options and opportunities of great value. The noble idea of being a doctor tends to cloud the diligent studying and precise training that is actually required for this career. I have wanted to become a doctor since a very young age, and now that the opportunity is here for the taking, I have fully researched what it takes to succeed in this profession and various specialties of the practice. The road to a medical degree is one filled withRead MoreMedical Career Choices Essay1853 Words   |  8 Pagesfor anatomy. Careers that would relate to the human would be is the medical field such as nurses, doctors, etc. Once knowledge of the differences in medical careers started growing, those involving treatment and surgical operations were of greatest interest. A surgery that is of interest is that of an orthopedic surgeon because these physicians operate on bones, ligaments, muscles, tendons, joints, and sometimes tumors. Surgeons have an advantage not shared by some other careers because they

The Start of the Contamination in Man’s Environment Free Essays

In the late 1960s to 1970s, Americans realized that industry was doing serious damage to air, water, and the earth itself, the most essential natural resources. The whole awareness of the damage being done to the environment stemmed out from the energy crisis of the 1970s. The energy crisis was a ‘slap-in-the-face’ for America. We will write a custom essay sample on The Start of the Contamination in Man’s Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now They needed to realize the harm that was being done to the natural resources and their decreasing availability as a result. With the decreasing availability and increasing prices of oil, new energy sources had to be discovered. Although scientists found nuclear power to be a clean, cheap, and unlimited source of power at first, the environmentalists fought to minimize its usage for fear of nuclear meltdowns, which could spread nuclear waste. Alternative energy sources were possible, and what appeared to be the most effective were tidal energy and solar energy. These environmentally safe methods of harnessing energy were just what the environmentalists had aimed for, and a new movement had been started – environmentalism. If you read this circle it. The environmentalists also tried to advocate the conservation of energy, so that the cleaner but less effective ways could be manipulated to produce more energy. Despite many efforts to keep the environment clean, some 200 million tons of pollutants were filling the air each year, and clean air in many cities had been replaced by smog. The earth, air, and water were deteriorating as construction of highways, malls, and housing developments caused the destruction of fertile, irreplaceable farmland. Disposal of wastes was another dilemma to be dealt with. Burning could release poisonous gases into the air, and burial could cause harmful decay. By the mid-1960s, people began to really realize the need to conserve the nation’s resources. Much credit for arousing public concern belonged to Rachel Carson for her book Silent Spring. This book warned of the central problem of our age being the contamination of man’s environment. During the next few years, growing numbers of ecologists, biologists, and other scientists showed their concern about the reckless abuse of the environment. In 1970, Congress created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which helped set laws regulating use of pesticides, insecticides, and other potentially dangerous sprays. They protected endangered wildlife, and ordered that car manufacturers had to provide pollution control devices on exhausts of their vehicles. New waste disposal and sewage treatment plants were being built to prevent further pollution of the land and water and to clean up the rivers and lakes. Government also regulated unsightly junkyards and dumps to restore the natural beauty of the countryside. Federal government set aside more areas as national parks, not to be tampered with, and considerable progress had been made in the management and conservation of America’s forests, soil, and water. However, many people felt that it was not necessary for the government to take all this action. President Reagan gave in and allowed the search for minerals on federal lands and oil exploration off the coast of California, which some felt was very risky, because of the chance of an oil spill, which would devastate all ocean life in the area. Environmental decisions were important in the sixties era, as many other nations followed them with concern. With the world’s population increasing so rapidly, the earth’s natural resources will be heavily taxed, and many people, the environmentalists, believed that resource conservation was extremely important in maintaining the living conditions of the world population. How to cite The Start of the Contamination in Man’s Environment, Essay examples

Huckleberry Finn Racism Debate Essay Example For Students

Huckleberry Finn Racism Debate Essay In recent years, there has been increasing discussion of the seemingly racist ideas expressed by Mark Twain in Huckleberry Finn. In some extreme cases the novel has even been banned by public school systems and censored by public libraries. The basis for these censorship campaigns has been the depiction of one of the main characters in Huckleberry Finn, Jim, a black slave. Jim, is a typical black slave who runs away from his owner Miss Watson. At several points in the novel, Jims character is described to the reader, and some people have looked upon the characterization as racist. However, before one begins to censor a novel it is important to separate the ideas of the author from the ideas of his characters. It is also important not to take a novel at face value and to read between the lines in order to capture the underlying themes of a novel. If one were to do this in relation to Huckleberry Finn, one would, without doubt, realize that it is not racist and is even anti-slavery. On a superficial level Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist. The first time the reader meets Jim he is given a very negativedescription of Jim. The reader is told that Jim is illiterate, childlike, not very bright and extremely superstitious. However, it isimportant not to lose sight of who is giving this description and of whom it is being given. Although Huck is not a racist child, he has been raised by extremely racist individuals who have, even if only subconsciously, ingrained some feelings of bigotry into his mind. It is also important to remember that this description, although it is quite saddening, was probably accurate. Jim and the millions of other slaves in the South were not permitted any formal education, were never allowed any independent thought and were constantly maltreated and abused. Twain is merely portraying by way of Jim, a very realistic slave raised in the South during that time period. To say that Twain is racist because of his desire for historical accuracy is absurd. Despite the few incidences in which Jims description might be misconstrued as racist, there are many points in the novel whereTwain through Huck, voices his extreme opposition to the slave trade and racism. In chapter six, Hucks father fervently objects to the governments granting of suffrage to an educated black professor. Twain wants the reader to see the absurdity in this statement. Hucks father believes that he is superior to this black professor simply because of the color of his skin. In Chapter 15 the reader is told of an incident which contradicts the original childlike description of Jim. In chapter 15 the reader is presented with a very caring and father-like Jim who becomes very worried when he loses his best friend Huck in a deep fog. Twain is pointing out the connection which has been made between Huck and Jim. A connection which does not exist between a man and his property. When Huck first meets Jim on the Island he makes a monumental decision, not to turn Jim in. He is confronted by two opposing forces, the force of society and the force of friendship. Many times throughout the novel Huck comes very close to rationalizing Jims slavery. However, he is never able to see a reason why this man who has become one of his only friends, should be a slave. Through this internal struggle, Twain expresses his opinions of the absurdity of slavery and the importance of following ones personal conscience before the laws of society. By the end of the novel, Huck and thereader have come to understand that Jim is not someones property and an inferior man, but an equal. .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .postImageUrl , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:hover , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:visited , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:active { border:0!important; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:active , .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829 .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5d452e95c89931822d0c9d3c7c5c7829:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Stem cell research Essay Throughout the novel societys voice is heard through Huck. The racist and hateful contempt which existed at the time is at many times present. But, it is vital for the reader to recognize these ideas as societys and to recognize that Twain throughout the novel disputes these ideas. Twain brings out into the open the ugliness of society and causes the reader to challenge the original description of Jim. In his subtle manner, he creates not an apology for slavery but a challenge to it.